Vegetius records that Julius Caesar's scout ships were painted bluish-green when gathering intelligence along the coast of Britain during the Gallic Wars. Mediterranean pirate ships were sometimes painted blue-gray for concealment. Ships were sometimes camouflaged in classical times. Counterillumination, to hide a darkened ship against the slightly brighter night sky, was trialled by the Royal Canadian Navy in diffused lighting camouflage. Several types of marine camouflage have been used or prototyped: blending or crypsis, in which a paint scheme attempts to hide a ship from view deception, in which a ship is made to look smaller or, as with the Q-ships, to mimic merchantmen and dazzle, a chaotic paint scheme which tries to confuse any estimate of distance, direction, or heading. Ship camouflage is a form of military deception in which a ship is painted in one or more colors in order to obscure or confuse an enemy's visual observation. USS West Mahomet in First World War dazzle camouflage
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